1 简介
mac使用第三方虚拟机太费劲且较重;
docker 权限、目录、网络也是烦人;
好在有 multipass , 一个轻量级虚拟机, 虽然只能支持 ubuntu, 但是centos也快凉凉了,早点换ubuntu也是个不错选择;
个人推荐用pkg装
https://github.com/canonical/multipass/releases
网盘地址:
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ErF5P2eBkObZey1SGg33zw 提取码: emit
brew cask install multipass
查看可供下载的 ubuntu 镜像
➜ ~ multipass find
Image Aliases Version Description
snapcraft:core18 18.04 20201111 Snapcraft builder for Core 18
snapcraft:core20 20.04 20210921 Snapcraft builder for Core 20
snapcraft:core22 22.04 20220426 Snapcraft builder for Core 22
18.04 bionic 20230329 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
20.04 focal 20230209 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
22.04 jammy,lts 20230302 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
22.10 kinetic 20230302 Ubuntu 22.10
anbox-cloud-appliance latest Anbox Cloud Appliance
下载最新版 ubuntu 镜像并运行
multipass launch --name ubuntu
自定义配置
multipass launch -n vm01 -c 4 -m 4G -d 40G
-n, --name: 名称
-c, --cpus: cpu核心数, 默认: 1
-m, --mem: 内存大小, 默认: 1G
-d, --disk: 硬盘大小, 默认: 5G
进入容器
multipass shell 容器名称
➜ ~ multipass info vm01
Welcome to Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-67-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
System information as of Fri Apr 14 00:16:55 CST 2023
System load: 0.30908203125
Usage of /: 3.7% of 38.58GB
Memory usage: 5%
Swap usage: 0%
Processes: 134
Users logged in: 0
IPv4 address for enp0s2: 192.168.64.3
IPv6 address for enp0s2: fd5c:feb8:ced3:b687:dc3e:57ff:fe78:e01b
Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.
0 updates can be applied immediately.
Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status
The list of available updates is more than a week old.
To check for new updates run: sudo apt update
To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.
ubuntu@vm01:~$
# 容器外执行容器linux命令
multipass exec 容器名 mkdir /apps
查看容器信息
➜ ~ multipass info vm01
Name: vm01
State: Running
IPv4: 192.168.64.3
Release: Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Image hash: 345fbbb6ec82 (Ubuntu 22.04 LTS)
CPU(s): 4
Load: 0.85 0.23 0.08
Disk usage: 1.4GiB out of 38.6GiB
Memory usage: 164.6MiB out of 3.8GiB
Mounts: --
挂载数据卷方式
multipass mount $HOME 容器名
# 或者指定容器目录
multipass mount $HOME 容器名:目录名
# 卸载数据卷
multipass umount 容器名
transfer 进行文件传输
multipass transfer 主机文件 容器名:容器目录
为了保持开发环境和线上环境一致性 同时节省部署时间 multipass给我们提供了--cloud-init选项进行容器启动初始化配置:
multipass launch --name ubuntu --cloud-init config.yaml
# config.yaml 内容如下:
runcmd:
- curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | sudo -E bash -
- sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
runcmd 可以指定容器 首次启动 时运行的命令,上面表示首次启动自动下载安装 Node.js
1 查看所有创建容器
multipass list
2 启动和停止运行容器
# 停止ubuntu和ubuntu1
multipass stop ubuntu ubuntu1
# 启动ubuntu
multipass start ubuntu
3 对所有容器统一操作
# 启动所有容器
multipass start --all
# 停止所有容器
multipass stop --all
# 所有容器放入回收站
multipass delete --all
# 彻底删除所有容器
multipass delete --purge --all